India is a diverse country with a rich linguistic heritage. It is home to numerous languages, belonging to several language families. The Constitution of India recognizes 22 officially recognized languages, also known as scheduled languages. These include:
Hindi: Hindi is the most widely spoken language in India and serves as the official language of the Indian government.
Bengali: Bengali is predominantly spoken in the eastern state of West Bengal and is also the official language of Bangladesh.
Telugu: Telugu is spoken primarily in the southern states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana.
Marathi: Marathi is the official language of the western state of Maharashtra, including the city of Mumbai.
Tamil: Tamil is predominantly spoken in the southern state of Tamil Nadu and has a rich literary tradition.
Urdu: Urdu is spoken by a significant population in India, particularly in the northern states and is also one of the official languages of Pakistan.
Gujarati: Gujarati is spoken in the western state of Gujarat and is known for its vibrant literature.
Kannada: Kannada is the official language of the southern state of Karnataka and has a long literary history.
Oriya/Odia: Odia is primarily spoken in the eastern state of Odisha.
Malayalam: Malayalam is predominantly spoken in the southern state of Kerala and is known for its unique script.
Punjabi: Punjabi is spoken primarily in the northern state of Punjab and is also an official language in Pakistan.
Assamese: Assamese is spoken in the northeastern state of Assam and parts of Arunachal Pradesh and other neighboring states.
Maithili: Maithili is mainly spoken in the northern state of Bihar and parts of Nepal.
Sanskrit: Sanskrit is an ancient Indian language with a rich religious and philosophical tradition. It is not commonly spoken as a first language but is studied and used for religious and scholarly purposes.
Apart from these scheduled languages, there are several other languages spoken by various communities across India, such as Konkani, Sindhi, Manipuri, Dogri, Bodo, Nepali, Kashmiri, and many more.
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